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The magnetic properties of black cotton and lateritic soils developed on Deccan basalts in northern Karnataka, India, have been studied to determine magnetic mineral sources and decipher their relative age. These soils are highly magnetic, indicating lithogenic contribution. The results show that black cotton soils are characterized by coarse-grained stable single-domain (SSD) lithogenic magnetic minerals, and in lateritic soils, it is superparamagnetic (SP) pedogenic magnetic minerals. The main magnetic minerals in black cotton soils are titano-magnetite/maghemite, while in lateritic soils, it is magnetite/maghemite and/or hematite/goethite. The variability of these soils’ magnetic properties is due to changes in the concentration of magnetic minerals, the size of their magnetic grains, or magnetic mineralogy. Black cotton soils are younger and are at the initial stage of soil development, while laterite soils are older and are at the latter stage of soil development.

Magnetic properties of black cotton soils and lateritic soils developed on the Late Cretaceous Deccan flood basalts of northern Karnataka, India