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The article presents the results of the study of structural-sorption performance and absorption properties of both raw materials and carbon sorbents obtained in the carbonization process, in terms of their ability to absorb petroleum products from water and contribute to the preservation of environmental infrastructure. Under the proposed mode of carbonization received hydrophobic sorbents. The analysis of the obtained results shows that carbon materials based on pine sawdust, obtained at a temperature of 300 °C for 8-10 minutes, have the best buoyancy – 97-100%. This can be explained by the fact that in the process of carbonization of cellulose-containing raw materials the last of the components of plant tissues decomposes lignin (active decomposition of lignin occurs in the temperature range 280-325 °C). As a result of research it is established that in the process of low-temperature one-stage carbonization of vegetable raw materials unauthorized hydrophobization of the sorbent surface is carried out. For fast and efficient collection of oil and oil products, the sorbent must have the maximum sorption rate, which will reduce the absorption time of pollutants. The highest sorption rate is shown by a mixture of pine sawdust carbonate: expanded graphite (50:50) and carbon material based on pine sawdust, which can be explained by the developed porous structure and surface chemistry of the materials.

Research of absorbing properties of carbon sorbents for purification of aquatic environment from oil products