English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This study aims to determine the interaction of mycorrhizal doses and varieties on the growth and yield of chili plants in Andisol soil. This research was conducted in Blang Kucak Village, Wih Pesam District, Bener Meriah Regency, Green House and Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University, Banda Aceh from January to May 2019. Analysis of the data used in this study was Randomized Block Design, with 3 x 2 factorial pattern with 3 replications. There are 2 series in this experiment namely Series A and Series B, series A is used for data collection of growth and yield of chili plants, while series B is used for data collection of mycorrhizal colonization. The factors observed in this study were mixed mycorrhizal bio-fertilizers and varieties. The dose of mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer used was control (without mycorrhizal), 5 g plant The 1st International Conference on Agriculture and Bioindustry 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 425 (2020) 012057 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/425/1/012057 2 previous year. The productivity of red chili in Aceh itself still lags behind other provinces in Indonesia such as West Java and Bali. Chili productivity in Aceh has fluctuated due to poor red chili cultivation and lack innovation in its development [3]. One of the effort to increase crop production is fertilization, including the using of mycorrhizal as bio-fertilizers. Mycorrhizal bio-fertilizers function as bio-fertilizers and bioprotectors for the growth and production of various types of plants. Besides, mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer able to produce hormones and PGP (Plant growth-promoting) and resistance to attack by root pathogens. Pollution due to heavy metals around plant roots can also be overcome by the use of mycorrhiza [12][19]. According to [2] thatmixed mycorrhizal dose treatment had a very significant effect on plant wet weight, plant dry weight, plant root dry weight, number of planting fruit and percentage of mycorrhizal infection on the roots of chili plants. Significant results were obtained from the use of 10 g plant mycorrhizal doses applied to Entisol soil. Hereafter [9] in the pot scale the experiment of giving doses of mycorrhizal 10 g plant to Andisol soil showed the best results on plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root infection and number of fruit crops on chili plants. However, there is no information for research in the field about mycorrhizal doses and the best chili varieties in Andisol soil. Plants with mycorrhizal administration can grow better than without mycorrhizae. This is because mycorrhizae can increase nutrient absorption. Mycorrhizae can help plant roots absorb nutrients that are not available in the soil, so they are available to plants [7].In addition to the use of mycorrhizae, an increase in chili production can be obtained from the use of superior varieties. Superior varieties have good adaptability to the environment. High fruit production, response to fertilization and resistance to pests and diseases is reflected in superiority [5][16]. Varieties of red chili PM-999 are curly chili which can grow in the lowlands and highlands and are resistant to diseases caused by anthracnose. PM-999 has a harvest age of 90-100 days after planting and potential yields of 20-25 ton ha [8]. The PM-999 variety of red chili is a hybrid type of chili which has a plant height of 110-140 cm, a fruit diameter of 0.8-1 cm and a fruit length of 10-12 cm. The characteristics of the chili fruit are round and curved long and uneven fruit skin. This variety can grow in the low to highlands with potential yields of 0.8 1.2 kg plant. This chili is very adaptive if it is planted in low and medium areas, its productivity is high, the plants are compact, the size of the fruit is relatively uniform, has a lot of seeds, spicy taste, a relatively long shelf life [14]. Chili Perintis varieties are local varieties that are widely developed by the community. Perintis varieties have been tested technologically, can show optimal growth with maximum results, have a slightly shorter character than other types of chili varieties in general, but are resistant to aphids and Gemini virus attacks. These Perintis chili varieties have early maturity of 75-150 DAP and production of 20-25 tons ha. Suitable for cultivation in the lowlands and highlands [11].In addition to the characteristics of Andisol soil, they developed from volcanic ash with colloidal fractions dominated by allophanes with high P retention [4]. The main obstacle in the use of Andisol is that the P element is available but cannot be utilized by plants. Measures to increase soil fertility by using biological fertilizers need to be done. Fertilizing actions, especially with the administration of mycorrhizal bio-fertilizers can increase the potential of the chemical, physical and biological properties of Andisol soil. Mycorrhiza will work effectively in nutrient-poor soils (marginal) and can help the absorption of P, N and K effectively so that it is available to plants. According to [13]reinforced earlier by [15]low organic matter causes Andisol to be very suitable for FMA development and has the potential to be a natural FMA provider. Mycorrhizal hyphae play a role in increasing the uptake of N, P and K by expanding the absorption area of the plant root system, so that it can be used to mine the residue of these elements that accumulate in the soil. The presence of mycorrhiza for nutrient availability of N, P and K on the soil, including Andisol, is absolutely necessary[19][1][10]. The 1st International Conference on Agriculture and Bioindustry 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 425 (2020) 012057 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/425/1/012057 3 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Time and Place This research was conducted in Blang Kucak Village, Wih Pesam District, Bener Meriah Regency, Glass House and Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University, Banda Aceh from January to May 2019. 2.2. Tool and Material 2.2.1. Tool. The tools used in this study are hoes, sieves, rakes, plastic ropes, stakes, scissors, knives, meters, spoons, fat, polybags, calipers, digital scales, autoclaves, sugar plastics, cameras, Nikon microscopes with 100 magnification -400 times, glass preparations and stationery. 2.2.2. Materials. The materials used in this study were chilli seeds of PM-999 and Perintis varieties, Mixed type mycorrhizal biofertilizers, NPK fertilizers, manure, KOH solution, distilled water, and ink (Quick Parker) blue solution. 2.3. Experimental Design This research was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. The factors observed were mycorrhizal doses consisting of 3 levels, namely control, control (without mycorrhizal), 5 g plant, and 10 g plant and the next factor was a variety consisting of 2 levels, namely PM-999 varieties and Perintisvarieties. There are 2 series in this experiment, namely Series A and Series B, series A is used to collect data on growth and yield of chili plants, while series B is used to collect data on the mycorrhizal infection. If the F test results have a significant effect, then the analysis is continued with the Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at the level of 5%. 2.4. Implementation of Research 2.4.1 Mycorrhizal multiplication. Mycorrhizae used in this study were mixed mycorrhizae (Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora sp.) obtained from the results of propagation in the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University.The methods used in the implementation of mycorrhizae are: 1. Soil sifted by using a 9 mesh size sieve to be smooth and not mixed with small rocks, after that the soil is put into a heat-resistant plastic bag of 15 plastic bags with a volume of 5 kg. 2. The soil is sterilized by autoclave at 121 ° C for 30 minutes to remove all microorganisms in the soil both beneficial and harmful. 3. The finished soil is sterilized into a pot that has been prepared in a greenhouse as a planting medium. The host plants used for the cultivation of mycorrhizae are corn plants. 4. After the soil has been finished inserted in the pot, a planting hole is made and the starter of mycorrhizal is inserted as much as 1 spoon per planting hole, after that the corn seed 2 is inserted per planting hole then covered with soil. 5. After 45 DAP plants, corn plants are given a stressing treatment (attempts to inhibit or suppress the growth of host plants with certain conditions) by cutting the leaves to symbiosis with the roots of corn plants also experience pressure and will form a lot of spores on the plant roots corn. 6. After the corn plant undergoes a stressing process for 1 month and the soil becomes dry, after that the plants are dismantled and the root area is cut out by the size of 1 cm, then the roots are mixed with zeolite media. 7. Mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer is ready to be applied to chili plants. 2.5. Land Preparation The land used for chili cultivation is carried out first by removing the weeds on the land which can host pests and diseases, then processing the soil by plowing or hoeing with a depth of 30-40 cm. The land that has been plowedis then left for 4 weeks to allow air to be The 1st International Conference on Agriculture and Bioindustry 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 425 (2020) 012057 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/425/1/012057 4 exchanged and to kill harmful pathogens in the soil. After that, making a bed that aims to prevent plant roots from being flooded during the rainy season. The beds are made with a width of 1 m, length 18 m, height 40 cm, and the distance between beds with drainage 50 cm. 2.6. Seed Preparation The criteria for chili seeds used are seeds that avoid pests and diseases and seeds that have germination above 90%. Supported by the presence of immersion treatment using an aerator as long as th

The effect of mychorrizal dose interactions with varieties on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annum L.) in andisol soil Bener Meriah