English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Highly dynamic changes in flow regimes are caused by relatively high rainfall intensity, so that the excessive flood volume in the last ten years, and it is caused by watersheds experiencing a crisis or degradation due to conversion into economic and noneconomic areas which ultimately impacts on river bank and beds by turbulent flow. The use of groin structure as a method of scouring prevention and channel flow control has not been able to fully meet the expectations of scouring prevention. We obtain the effect of changing the turbulent flow regime on the use of groins on the bent channel. Testing was conducted through laboratory experiments in artificial conditions to investigate the relationship between variables by providing certain treatments in several experimental groups with a comparative control of bend channel angle uses 60 with distance variations of groins and discharge; in addition, software Surfer used to describe scour contour pattern. Analysis of changes in flow behavior is done by using Froude (Fr) and Raynolds (Re) number approaches with the effect of turbulent flow on the bent channel scour. The results of the research indicate that the placement of the groins on the river bank channel bend causes a new phenomenon of turbulent flow with shear stress, resulting in local scouring around groin structure and the placement of looser permeable groin gives prevention 81% of river bank scour. 1.Introduction Scouring on river banks usually becomes a problem, and until now it has not obtained an appropriate method that effectively prevents scouring on river bank bends. Efforts to control and secure the river can be done along the river in various ways, including by strengthening the bank by installing groins that are placed outside the river bends, but in fact it has not been successful even causing a new problem in the bend area with relatively high velocity by the changes of climate and trigger the critical velocity and shear stress in the bend area. The dynamics of flow on channel bends causes sediment erosion of channel bank. The characteristics of flow contribute very high to the sediment erosion and deposition; hence the use of flow control structures is needed to minimize the effect of sediment flow and sediment erosion in rivers [1]. Flow control and scour prevention by using groins in 2 (two) forms, i.e straight and Tshaped groins can regulate and reduce scouring around the groins but it still requires testing of groins ICCEE 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 419 (2020) 012121 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/419/1/012121 2 variations [2]. Permeable groin protects the bank against the scouring of river flow by reducing the energy contained in the flow along the river bank and can deposit sediment [3]. The use of groin method inflow control can prevent scour and deposit sediment around the groin. Vegetation groin is good for flow resistance, rigid and flexible as energy reducer [4]. Also, the groin is widely used to maintain river bed morphology in the context of river activities [5]. The research in 2016 gives the main conclusions as follows; (a) the use of vegetation groin significantly reduces the magnitude of flow velocity, (b) causing the dynamics of shear layers on the land surface, main flow, and soil, (c) the vegetated dynamics of groin flow can be modeled and good enough to develop analytical relationships at a limited size [6]. The construction of groin triggers the phenomenon of turbulent flow; it is related to what has been stated by some previous experts that the characteristic of turbulence flow has long been studied by scientists and engineers. Leonardo da Vinci saw a typical whirlpool by turbulence as contained in the book of Tennekes and Lumley [7]. The phenomenon of that turbulent flow states that turbulent flow can cause scouring on river banks or beds. Turbulent flow is highly dynamic therefore it requires understanding the characteristic of turbulent flow as the main focus, as it can cause friction. As a result of this friction is the cause of the channel erosion. We investigate the distribution of turbulent flow velocity by using corals as a turbulent flow structure using Particle Image Velocity (PIV) and The Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) to describe the phenomenon of turbulent flow velocity [8]. The problem of turbulent flow becomes a problem in control the scouring around riverbanks by either using conventional groin or vegetation groins such as bamboo or wood. 2. Methods and materials Testing was conducted at the River Laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar and it was conducted between February March 2019, a model used as showed in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3. Figure 1. The layout of the channel plan. Figure 2. Channel cross section. Figure 3. Channel detail. Testing was done by laboratory experiments on artificial conditions, to investigate the relationship between variables and giving certain treatments to several experimental groups with comparative Water reservoir Water gate Permeable groin Landfill clam Retaining wall Landfill bend slope

Experimental study the effect of turbulent flows in bend channels as to a result of vegetation groin structure on permeable type