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Studies had been carried out to study the possibility of using ionite substrates for growing potato seedlings in tube culture, to analyze the variability of hybrid potato populations by morphobiological and economically valuable characteristics depending on the substrate, to analyze the effectiveness of the selection of high-yielding forms at the early stage of the breeding process. The experiment included 7 different modifications of the nutrient medium composition. Seed germination, seedling survival rate, tuber formation rate, percentage of tuber-forming seedlings, number of tubers per seedling, size, and shape of tubers were taken into account. Quantitative assessment of factors in phenotypic manifestation of signs was carried out by the method of dispersion analysis. Sterile microtubers were stored at 2-4°C in the dark before planting. As a result of the research, a different tuber-forming ability was found in seedlings of populations of different variants. The tube culture of seedlings ensures full survival of seedlings. For the growth and development of seedlings in a tube culture, the best of those studied was the nutrient medium based on the ion-exchange substrate IS-2V, containing 1% sucrose and 500 mg / 1 CCC. Two-stage cultivation of seedlings (the initial increase in the above-ground mass, then the induction of tuberization) had a positive effect on the pace and quality of tuberization. 30–40 days after induction, tuberization was observed in 90–100% of seedlings, regardless of their origin, and the size of microtubers was on average 6.7–8.7 mm.

Ion-exchange substrates as the basis for growing seedlings of potato in tube culture