English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

We probe the character of knotting in open, confined polymers, assigning knottypes to open curves by identifying their projections as virtual knots. In thissense, virtual knots are transitional, lying in between classical knot types,which are useful to classify the ambiguous nature of knotting in open curves.Modelling confined polymers using both lattice walks and ideal chains, we findan ensemble of random, tangled open curves whose knotting is not dominated byany single knot type, a behaviour we call weakly knotted. We compare cubicallyconfined lattice walks and spherically confined ideal chains, finding the weakknotting probability in both families is quite similar and growing with length,despite the overall knotting probability being quite different. In contrast,the probability of weak knotting in unconfined walks is small at all lengthsinvestigated. For spherically confined ideal chains, weak knotting is stronglycorrelated with the degree of confinement but is almost entirely independent oflength. For ideal chains confined to tubes and slits, weak knotting iscorrelated with an adjusted degree of confinement, again with length havingnegligible effect.

Knotting and weak knotting in confined, open random walks using virtual knots