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The Schwinger model at finite temperature is analyzed using the ThermofieldDynamics formalism. The operator solution due to Lowenstein and Swieca isgeneralized to the case of finite temperature within the thermofieldbosonization approach. The general properties of the statistical-mechanicalensemble averages of observables in the Hilbert subspace of gauge invariantthermal states are discussed. The bare charge and chirality of the Fermithermofields are screened, giving rise to an infinite number of mutuallyorthogonal thermal ground states. One consequence of the bare charge andchirality selection rule at finite temperature is that there are innumerablymany thermal vacuum states with the same total charge and chirality of thedoubled system. The fermion charge and chirality selection rules at finitetemperature turn out to imply the existence of a family of thermal theta vacuastates parametrized with the same number of parameters as in zero temperaturecase. We compute the thermal theta-vacuum expectation value of the massoperator and show that the analytic expression of the chiral condensate for anytemperature is easily obtained within this approach, as well as, thecorresponding high-temperature behavior.

Quantum Electrodynamics in Two-Dimensions at Finite Temperature. Thermofield Bosonization Approach