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Climate models provide compelling evidence that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at\udpresent rates, then key global temperature thresholds (such as the European Union limit of two\uddegrees of warming since pre-industrial times) are very likely to be crossed in the next few\uddecades. However, there is relatively little attention paid to whether, should a dangerous\udtemperature level be exceeded, it is feasible for the global temperature to then return to safer\udlevels in a usefully short time. We focus on the timescales needed to reduce atmospheric\udgreenhouse gases and associated temperatures back below potentially dangerous thresholds,\udusing a state-of-the-art general circulation model. This analysis is extended with a simple\udclimate model to provide uncertainty bounds. We find that even for very large reductions in\udemissions, temperature reduction is likely to occur at a low rate. Policy-makers need to consider\udsuch very long recovery timescales implicit in the Earth system when formulating future\udemission pathways that have the potential to ‘overshoot’ particular atmospheric concentrations\udof greenhouse gases and, more importantly, related temperature levels that might be considered\uddangerous

How difficult is it to recover from dangerous levels of global warming?