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We present the FP420 R&D project, which has been studying the key aspects ofthe development and installation of a silicon tracker and fast-timing detectorsin the LHC tunnel at 420 m from the interaction points of the ATLAS and CMSexperiments. These detectors would measure precisely very forward protons inconjunction with the corresponding central detectors as a means to studyStandard Model (SM) physics, and to search for and characterise New Physicssignals. This report includes a detailed description of the physics case forthe detector and, in particular, for the measurement of Central ExclusiveProduction, pp --> p + phi + p, in which the outgoing protons remain intact andthe central system phi may be a single particle such as a SM or MSSM Higgsboson. Other physics topics discussed are gamma-gamma and gamma-p interactions,and diffractive processes. The report includes a detailed study of the triggerstrategy, acceptance, reconstruction efficiencies, and expected yields for aparticular p p --> p H p measurement with Higgs boson decay in the b-bbar mode.The document also describes the detector acceptance as given by the LHC beamoptics between the interaction points and the FP420 location, the machinebackgrounds, the new proposed connection cryostat and the moving ("Hamburg")beam-pipe at 420 m, and the radio-frequency impact of the design on the LHC.The last part of the document is devoted to a description of the 3D siliconsensors and associated tracking performances, the design of two fast-timingdetectors capable of accurate vertex reconstruction for background rejection athigh-luminosities, and the detector alignment and calibration strategy.

The FP420 R&D Project: Higgs and New Physics with forward protons at the LHC