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Environmental neutrons are a source of background for rare event searches(e.g., dark matter direct detection and neutrinoless double beta decayexperiments) taking place in deep underground laboratories. The overwhelmingmajority of these neutrons are produced in the cavern walls by means ofintrinsic radioactivity of the rock and concrete. Their flux and spectrumdepend on time and location. Precise knowledge of this background is necessaryto devise sufficient shielding and veto mechanisms, improving the sensitivityof the neutron-susceptible underground experiments. In this report, we presentthe design and the expected performance of a mobile neutron detector for theLNGS underground laboratory. The detector is based on capture-gatedspectroscopy technique and comprises essentially a stack of plasticscintillator bars wrapped by gadolinium foils. The extensive simulation studiesdemonstrate that the detector will be capable of measuring ambient neutrons atlow flux levels ($\sim$$10^{-6}\,\mathrm{n/cm^2/s}$) at LNGS, where the ambientgamma flux is by about 5 orders of magnitude larger.

Design of a mobile neutron spectrometer for the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)