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Positron sources are the key elements for the future and current leptoncollider projects such as ILC, CLIC, SuperKEKB, FCC-ee, Muon Collider/LEMMA,etc., introducing challenging critical requirements for high intensity and lowemittance beams in order to achieve high luminosity. In fact, due to theirlarge production emittance and constraints given by the target thermal load,the main collider parameters such as the peak and average current, theemittances, the damping time, the repetition frequency and consequently theluminosity are determined by the positron beam characteristics. In this paper,the conventional positron sources and their main properties are explored forgiving an indication to the challenges that apply during the design of theadvanced accelerator concepts. The photon-driven positron sources as the novelapproach proposed, primarily for the future linear colliders, are describedhighlighting their variety and problematic.

Positron sources: from conventional to advanced accelerator concepts-based colliders