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A PET scanner based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) has been widely usedas an advanced nuclear medicine imaging technique that yields quantitativeimages of regional in vivo biology and biochemistry. The compact size of theSiPM allows direct one to one coupling between the scintillation crystal andthe photosensor, yielding better timing and energy resolutions than the lightsharing methods that have to be used in photomultiplier tube (PMT) PET systems.To decrease the volume of readout electronics, a front end multiplexer withposition decoder is a common choice for the one to one system without a highlyintegrated application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). However, in thiscase we cannot measure each crystal's deposited energy inspired by anannihilation photon, so the inter-crystal scatter (ICS) events will lead to thecrystal mispositioning and then deteriorate the detector intrinsic resolution.Besides, considering the events rejection within the energy window resultingfrom the gain dispersion and nonlinear outputs of the SiPMs, an energycorrection mechanism is needed. Yet, lack of the information of each crystal'senergy will introduce large energy correction error for the ICS events. Forthis issue, an online energy correction mechanism implemented on a Kintext-7Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device is presented in this paper.Experiments in the laboratory were performed using an 8 x 8 segmented LYSOcrystals coupled with an 8 x 8 SiPM (J-series, from ON Semiconductor) arraywhich is under 22Na point source excitation. Test results indicate that boththe energy of the non-ICS and ICS events can be precisely corrected and theenergy resolution is better than 12 %. We also applied this method to an actualclinical PET scanner under a 68Ge line source to verify its multi-channelreliability.

An FPGA Based energy correction method for one-to-one coupled PET detector: model and evaluation