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The first LIGO-Virgo detections have confirmed the existence of massive blackholes (BHs), with mass $30-40$ M$_\odot$. Such BHs might originate from massivemetal-poor stars ($Z<0.3$ Z$_\odot$) or from gravitational instabilities in theearly Universe. The formation channels of merging BHs are still poorlyconstrained. The measure of mass, spin and redshift distribution of merging BHswill give us fundamental clues to distinguish between different models. Also, abetter understanding of several astrophysical processes (e.g. common envelope,core-collapse supernovae, and dynamical evolution of BHs) is decisive, to shedlight on the formation channels of merging BHs.

Black hole demography at the dawn of gravitational-wave astronomy: state of the art and future perspectives