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We report on further evidence that solar energetic particles are organized bythe kinematic properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs)[1]. In particular, wefocus on the starting frequency of type II bursts, which is related to thedistance from the Sun where the radio emission starts. We find that the threegroups of solar energetic particle (SEP) events known to have distinct valuesof CME initial acceleration, also have distinct average starting frequencies ofthe associated type II bursts. SEP events with ground level enhancement (GLE)have the highest starting frequency (107 MHz), while those associated withfilament eruption (FE) in quiescent regions have the lowest starting frequency(22 MHz); regular SEP events have intermediate starting frequency (81 MHz).Taking the onset time of type II bursts as the time of shock formation, wedetermine the shock formation heights measured from the Sun center. We findthat the shocks form on average closest to the Sun (1.51 Rs) in GLE events,farthest from the Sun in FE SEP events (5.38 Rs), and at intermediate distancesin regular SEP events (1.72 Rs). Finally, we present the results of a casestudy of a CME with high initial acceleration (~3 km s^-2) and a type II radioburst with high starting frequency (~200 MHz) but associated with a minor SEPevent. We find that the relation between the fluence spectral index and CMEinitial acceleration continues to hold even for this minor SEP event.

A Hierarchical Relationship between the Fluence Spectra and CME Kinematics in Large Solar Energetic Particle Events: A Radio Perspective