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A laser pulse focused to a sufficiently high irradiance can produce plasma useful for spectrochemical analysis (generally called laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS). LIBS is generally carried out in the atmospheric pressure in air. Therefore, the laser ablation of solid targets in the presence of a background gas has received increased attention due to its importance in pulsed laser deposition, nanoparticle formation and growth, laser micromachining. Compared with expansion into a vacuum, the interaction of the plume with an ambient gas is a far more complex gas dynamic process due to the rise of new physical processes involved such as deceleration, thermalization of the ablated species, interpenetration, recombination, formation of shock waves and clustering. In this work, the influences of the background gas on the emission signal, mass ablation rate, the plasma temperature and the electron number density have been investigated in experiment. The effect of the ambient atmosphere (N2, O2, Ar and He) on the plasma parameters and on the emission intensity is found to be maximum in the case of Ar environment.

The influence of ambient gas on laser produced plasmas and the crater morphology of laser-ablated Al