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A fully modularized framework was established to combine isotropic, kinematic, and cross hardening behaviors under non-monotonic loading conditions. Three sets of state variables were defined and applied to consider the effects of, a) loading history, b) twinning and de-twinning and c) different pre-strain. Experiments under two types of non-proportional loading conditions were conducted along different orientations, 1) uniaxial compression-tension reversal loading with different amounts of compressive strains, and 2) two-step uniaxial tension, known as cross-loading conditions, with different pre-strains. No apparent cross-hardening effect was observed for this material. The calibrated new hardening model, with an anisotropic CPB06ex2 yield criterion and an eMMC anisotropic fracture model, has been implemented into Abaqus/ Explicit as a user material subroutine (VUMAT). Good correlation was observed between experimental and simulation results.

A Combined Isotropic, Kinematic and Cross Hardening Model for Magnesium AZ31B-H24 under Non-linear Strain Loading Path