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We study the impact of the level of the speckle noise on data acquisition in a partially polarized coherent imaging system with the presence of a nonlinearity in the imaging sensor characteristic. In perfectly linear acquisition conditions, due to the essentially multiplicative action of the speckle, the image contrast is unchanged as the speckle noise level increases, and so it has no impact on the quality of the acquired images. On the contrary, in nonlinear conditions the acquisition is affected by the speckle noise level. However, this effect of the speckle is not always detrimental. We show that, in definite nonlinear conditions, there is usually an optimal level of the speckle noise that leads to a maximum quality of the acquired images. We theoretically analyze such nonlinear regimes with partially polarized speckled images. We specifically exhibit the existence of an optimal speckle noise level in the interesting case of images realized only by a depolarization contrast. Illustrations are given with a simple 1-bit hard limiter and binary images. Then, we propose and discuss as perspectives an experimental optical setup to confront theory and experiment

Constructive role of sensors nonlinearities in the acquisition of partially polarized speckle images