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Metal-Insulator type nano-granular magnetic (NGM) thin films have been noteworthily developed as several functional magnetic materials. The formation of nano-granular structure is strongly related to the magnitude of heat formation (ΔH) of intergranule materials. Forming a larger ΔH allows a clearer granular structure to be obtained. Soft magnetic properties and TMR effect of NGM films are reviewed in this article, including their applications. The HRTEM observation reveals that average distance among neighboring granules mainly controls magnetic properties in NGM films. Co-O based NGM film where granules contact each other has soft magnetism and exhibits an excellent frequency response of permeability, while the film with isolated granules is superparamagnetic state and shows giant magnetostriction effect. Both large electromagnetic noise suppression and low field magnetic sensing effects are demonstrated as their applications.

Metal-insulator type nano-granular magnetic thin films -soft magnetic properties, TMR effect and their applications-