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Residual radioisotope analysis as a result of cyclotron-based  18 F production is of paramount importance since it relates to the radiation safety of patients as well as radiation workers. In this investigation, 18-MeV proton beams were employed to irradiate enriched water (H 2 18 O) target for  18 F production while Talys Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (TENDL) 2017 were used to study the origins of the radionuclide impurities. Gamma rays emmitted by the residual radionuclides were detected using a gamma ray spectroscopic system following a month of decay while their origins were analyzed from the TENDL 2017 nuclear cross-section calculations. Experimental results indicated that several long-lived radionuclides such as  109 Cd,  57 Co,  57 Ni,  58 Co and  56 Co were recorded by the gamma ray spectroscopic system. The long-lived residual radionuclides were presumably due to proton interactions with Havar window and Silver body. Using the TENDL 2017-calculated nuclear cross-sections, it was discovered that several nuclear reactions responsible for the residual radioisotopes include  109 Ag(p,n) 109 Cd which corresponded to the generation of  109 Cd radioisotope,  60 Ni(p,α) 57 Co and  58 Ni(p,2p) 57 Co reactions for the formation of  57 Co,  58 Ni(p,d) 57 Ni reaction for the production of  57 Ni radioisotope,  58 Fe(p,n) 58 Co reaction for the generation of  58 Co, and  56 Fe(p,n) 56 Co reaction for the formation of  56 Co. This experimental result can be used as a reference for future production of  18 F and other radioisotopes should Havar window and silver body are used in the target system.

Qualitative Analysis of Long-Lived Residual Radioisotopes in 18 MeV Proton Bombarded Enriched Water Target