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The Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) carries out studies of beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA). The facility possesses a flexible photocathode laser beam shaping system and a variety of diagnostics including a high-resolution dipole spectrometer and an rf deflector which enables the observation of the longitudinal phase space of electron beams after their passage through a plasma. Two plasma sources are available: a gas discharge plasma cell and a photoionized lithium vapor plasma cell. Studies at PITZ include investigations of the selfmodulation instability of long electron beams and the high transformer ratio, i.e., the ratio between the maximum accelerating field behind the drive beam and the decelerating field within the beam. This overview includes the experimental results and plans for future experiments. INTRODUCTION Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration [1] is one of promising technologies for future high-gradient compact accelerators. In this scheme, a relativistic particle bunch traverses a plasma and drives a wakefield in it. A trailing relativistic electron bunch placed at an appropriate distance from the driver bunch samples the wakefield and can be accelerated with a gradient exceeding that of conventional accelerators by orders of magnitude. PITZ has unique capabilities which make it suitable for studying various aspects of PWFA. It is a 1.3 GHz rf photoinjector accelerator, capable of producing electron bunches with charges up to 5 nC, momenta up to 25 MeV/c, and emittances down to 0.7 mm mrad for 1 nC bunches at the repetition rate of 10 Hz [2]. A general layout of the facility is shown in Fig. 1. The photocathode laser was built by the Max-Born Institute and features a pulse shaper – a set of 13 birefringent crystals that enables the production of various temporal pulse shapes from a short Gaussian pulse [3]. An S-band transverse deflecting structure (TDS) [4] allows time-resolved measurements of the electron beam profile; combined with a high resolution electron spectrometer (HEDA2) [5], it enables measurements of the longitudinal phase space (LPS). When passing the TDS, the electrons receive a vertical kick according to their longitudinal position within the bunch, in conjunction with the HEDA2 dipole, the electrons are dispersed horizontally according to their energies; hence the transverse projection of the electron bunch on a measurement screen downstream of these two devices represents the LPS of the bunch. Figure 1: Layout of the PITZ facility. The plasma source is located 6 meters downstream of the photocathode

Overview and prospects of plasma wakefield acceleration experiments at PITZ