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A strong and stable financial sector is the main element of investment inflow and increase of liquidity in the economic system of the state, striving for a developed economy. The practice of several previous years has shown the presence of certain factors of instability in the Russian financial sector. The most important factor of the instability of the national financial sector is the problem of ensuring the financial obligations of financial institutions, which at best forces credit institutions and investment institutions to introduce external management from the Central Bank, and in the worst case leads to bankruptcy. Traditionally, the main direction in assessing the quality of assets of financial institutions is to determine the market (fair) value of tangible assets, namely financial assets and real estate. However, recent events that have occurred with large Russian credit institutions have revealed shortcomings in this approach. First of all, since the objects of intellectual property and other intangible assets are either undervalued or overvalued. Proceeding from these facts, the team of researchers developed and presented a mathematical model that allows an alternative valuation of intangible intellectual assets in the ownership structure of financial institutions. The model was used to analyze the activities of individual financial organisations operating within the national economic system.[1] 1. Description of basic data At the end of June 2017, the public British company Brand Finance plc. published a regular review, which reflects estimated judgments about the intangible value, concentrated in the world economy [1]. Traditionally, the report is built on the account of about 60 thousand companies located in more than 100 countries. International Conference on Mathematical Modelling in Physical Sciences IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1141 (2018) 012013 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1141/1/012013 2 Immediately, we note that only public company data is the basis, because the starting point is their market capitalization, which is quite convenient, accessible and acceptable for many sources of analytical data. In general, we do not dispute the position of analysts traditionally working on the content of the report, especially given their impressive authority, but we have a number of objections to certain aspects of the final interpretation of the initial values used for analysis, we will mention this further. So, in the previous 10 years, the global market capitalization of public companies has grown from 47.8 to 92.4 trillion US dollars. At the same time, the book value of tangible data assets increased 8.3 times to 44.8 trillion US dollars, and the book value of intangible assets increased from 2.1 to 5.4 trillion US dollars, that is, only 2.6 times. At the same time, even less dynamics of growth in the category of intangible value, which for this period grew only 1.4 times. We should especially note that in this case we are not talking about intangible assets, but about intangible (immaterial) value. This should be noted, if only because one of the basic problems of many studies in this field, including those based on the analytical data of the survey, is the identification of the category of assets and value. However, value, unlike intangible assets, can not be accepted for balance, can not participate in direct economic turnover, but, on the other hand, it exerts a global influence on the capitalization of individual companies and therefore often acts as the main driving force for the owners of individual companies are at the top of various ratings of billionaires, and therefore each asset is a value, but not every asset can be an asset. However, this category is remarkable not at all what a billionaire can do from a young programmer, as it was and still is in the situation with the Facebook company, but at least two special aspects that probably have a time-limited action. First of all, let’s pay attention to the fact that in the category of value that can not participate in direct economic turnover, almost 40% of the world economy’s cost is concentrated, which in our opinion carries an increased risk for the latter. The next aspect is the cardinal difference in the structure of the corporate value of companies in comparison of the past and the present decades. Up to 2008, intangible corporate value in the economy always impressively exceeds the aggregate book value of tangible and intangible assets of public companies. Thus, at that time the market value of companies was covered by real assets, but not more than half, and the other more than the half expressed in the hope, tailored out of the air. The financial crisis of 2008 is essentially a fearful pressure at the expense of investors’ losses, which, of course, has not been strongly reflected in the negative light on the market of tangible and intangible assets on the balance sheets of public companies. For example, the value of tangible assets increased by 1.2 trillion. US dollars (+ 5.4% compared to 2007), and the value of intangible assets increased by 600 million US dollars. USD (+ 22.2% against 2007). Since this period corresponded to a sharp collapse in the quotations of shares of public companies, their capitalization declined, which directly affected the reduction of intangible value, since it is precisely calculated as the difference between the market capitalization and the book value of the company. Thus, in 2008, the share of intangible value in the structure of the market value of companies was a little over a quarter. In subsequent years, with the gradual recovery of quotations on stock exchanges, the share of intangible value also gradually recovered, but it is still less than the book value of assets. Over the years, experts have fixed a number of important facts that are of fundamental importance for this study. First of all, let us pay attention to the fact that the largest corporate value is concentrated in such a sector of the world economy as the financial markets sector. In particular, the segment of credit institutions and diversified financial services of brokerage companies and investment funds account for more than $ 13 trillion of consolidated value. The segment of insurance services adds another 3.8 trillion US dollars here. Total about 17 trillion US dollars, that is, 18.2% falls only on the segment of financial services. We can go even further and add REITs (Real estate investments trusts) indicators to this group because it is International Conference on Mathematical Modelling in Physical Sciences IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1141 (2018) 012013 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1141/1/012013 3 definitely an investment institution of the financial market. This type of institutional financial intermediaries accounts for another $ 2 trillion, which makes a significant contribution to this economic sector and as a result of which its value rises to 18.8 trillion US dollars, and the share as a whole is already 20.4%. In other words, it turns out that the financial sector traditionally concentrates 1/5 of the world’s corporate value. A similar situation will be revealed to us if we analyze the structure of assets. We will touch on the category of assets, only related to the subject matter of the article intangible assets. Note that we are talking only about unconditional non-material assets. That is, there are various intellectual property and other exclusive rights that are formalized in the necessary procedural way recognized in accounting and fiscal bodies for which public or international public protection and protection is provided in public space. The first and second places are distributed among the telecommunications and pharmaceutical sectors 1,342.9 billion and 1071.5 billion US dollars, respectively. This in itself is not surprising because, for example, the telecommunications sector is a huge number of exclusive rights to trademarks, intellectual property for technology, for development, and not rarely for telecommunications products. If we take for the pharmaceutical sector, there is also a huge concentration of intellectual property on technology, on medical development, as well as exclusive rights not only on the brands of pharmaceutical manufacturers, but also on the market elements of individual drugs produced by them. The sector of credit and other diversified financial services (DFS Diversified Financial Services) takes only the third place, consolidating intangible assets by 1064.3 billion US dollars. However, if we again add a segment of insurance companies that Western researchers can use in a separate analytical subgroup, where intangible assets are consolidated by another $ 464.3 billion, it is obvious that the financial sector is also unconditional on this criterion the leader 1528.6 billion US dollars or 28.3% of the total world value of intangible assets on the balance sheet of the analyzed companies. In general, if we consider the financial sector in dynamics, then it lags behind in the growth rates of both intangible assets and intangible corporate value in general. For example, insurance for a five-year rate of increment in the value of intangible assets occupies only 18th line of the rating with a positive result of + 27.3%, significantly behind the Internet sector (+ 121.2%). The banking segment and financial services on the securities market occupied only 34th line of the five-year dynamics with a negative result of -13.6%, losing only the sector of oil and gas production (-13.8%), the metallurgical sector (-16.7%) and mining (-48.5%). Here we immediately note two important aspects. First, over the past long-term periods of 10-30 years, the financial sector has accumulated such a level of value and, in particular, in the form of intangible assets, that its positions in the middle and below dynamic ratings can not affect its strong

The problems of determining the fair value of intellectual property in the structure of assets of financial institutions