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Experimental studies of cell motility in culture have shown that underadequate conditions these living organisms possess the ability to organizethemselves into complex structures. Such structures may exhibit a synergy thatgreatly increases their survival rate and facilitate growth or spreading todifferent tissues. These properties are even more significant for cancer cellsand related pathologies. Theoretical studies supported by experimental evidencehave also shown that adhesion plays a significant role in cellularorganization. Here we show that the directional persistence observed inpolarized displacements permits the formation of stable cell aggregates in theabsence of adhesion, even in low-density regimes. We introduce a discretestochastic model for the dispersal of polarized cells with exclusion and derivethe hydrodynamic limit. We demonstrate that the persistence coupled with thecell-cell exclusion hinders the cellular motility around other cells, leadingto a non-linear diffusion which facilitates their capture into largeraggregates.

Dispersal and organization of polarized cells: non-linear diffusion and cluster formation without adhesion