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Understanding the particle-scale transition from elastic deformation toplastic flow is central to making predictions about the bulk materialproperties and response of disordered materials. To address this issue, weperform experiments on flow-stabilized solids composed of micron-scale sphereswithin a microfluidic channel, in a regime where particle inertia isnegligible. Each solid heap exists within a stress gradient imposed by theflow, and we track the positions of particles in response to single impulses offluid-driven compression or decompression. We find that the resultingdeformation field is well-decomposed into an affine field, with a constantstrain profile throughout the solid, and a non-affine field. The magnitude ofthis non-affine response decays with the distance from the free surface in thelong-time limit, suggesting that the distance from jamming plays a significantrole in controlling the length scale of plastic flow. Finally, we observe thatcompressive pulses create more rearrangements than decompressive pulses, aneffect that we quantify using the $D^2_\mathrm{min}$ statistic for non-affinemotion. Unexpectedly, the time scale for the compression response is shorterthan for decompression at the same strain (but unequal pressure), providinginsight into the coupling between deformation and cage-breaking.

Nonaffine deformation under compression and decompression of a flow-stabilized solid