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Research on seismic resolution has recently progressed from studying separate vertical and horizontal resolution to general spatial resolution. However, most studies on spatial resolution are limited to a homogeneous medium and thus are not applicable to layered or complex media. We have filled this gap by developing a numerical algorithm for estimating spatial resolution in layered media. Using Berkhout's focusing approach, we extrapolate the wave field with Rayleigh integration and calculate the spatial resolution of layered media using a recursive numerical method. This makes it possible to calculate the spatial resolution for different imaging planes, corresponding to different dip angles and acquisition geometries. This numerical scheme has been tested on a homogenous model to verify its accuracy, and applied to a three-layer physical model. Results show that the algorithm presented here provides an effective method for designing seismic acquisitions and for analysing the spatial resolution of seismic imaging algorithms.

An algorithm for estimating migration spatial resolution in layered media with focal beams