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Drug resistant focal epilepsy can be treated by resecting the epileptic focusrequiring a precise focus localization using stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG) probes. As commercial SEEG probes offer only a limited spatialresolution, probes of higher channel count and design freedom enabling theincorporation of macro and microelectrodes would help increasing spatialresolution and thus open new perspectives for investigating mechanismsunderlying focal epilepsy and its treatment. This work describes a newfabrication process for SEEG probes with materials and dimensions similar toclinical probes enabling recording single neuron activity at high spatialresolution. Polyimide is used as a biocompatible flexible substrate into whichplatinum electrodes and leads are...  The resulting probe features match those of clinically approved devices.Tests in saline solution confirmed the probe stability and functionality.Probes were implanted into the brain of one monkey (Macaca mulatta), trained toperform different motor tasks. Suitable configurations including up to 128electrode sites allow the recording of task-related neuronal signals. Probeswith 32 and 64 electrode sites were implanted in the posterior parietal cortex.Local field potentials and multi-unit activity were recorded as early as onehour after implantation. Stable single-unit activity was achieved for up to 26days after implantation of a 64-channel probe. All recorded signals showedmodulation during task execution. With the novel probes it is possible torecord stable biologically relevant data over a time span exceeding the usualtime needed for epileptic focus localization in human patients. This is thefirst time that single units are recorded along cylindrical polyimide probeschronically implanted 22 mm deep into the brain of a monkey, which suggests thepotential usefulness of this probe for human applications.

Chronic neural probe for simultaneous recording of single-unit, multi-unit, and local field potential activity from multiple brain sites