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The growing observed evidence shows that the long- and short-durationgamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from massive star core-collapse and themerger of compact stars, respectively. GRB 201221D is a short-duration GRBlasting $\sim 0.1$ s without extended emission (EE) at high redshift $z=1.046$.By analyzing data observed with the Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM, we find that acutoff power-law model can adequately fit the spectrum with a soft $E_{\rmp}=113^{+9}_{-7}$ keV, and isotropic energy $E_{\gamma,iso}=1.36^{+0.17}_{-0.14}\times 10^{51}~\rm erg$. In order to reveal the possiblephysical origin of GRB 201221D, we adopted multi-wavelength criteria (e.g.,Amati relation, $\varepsilon$-parameter, amplitude parameter, local event ratedensity, luminosity function, and properties of the host galaxy), and find thatmost of the observations of GRB 201221D favor a compact star merger origin.Moreover, we find that $\hat{\alpha}$ is larger than $2+\hat{\beta}$ in theprompt emission phase which suggests that the emission region is possiblyundergoing acceleration during the prompt emission phase with aPoynting-flux-dominated jet.

Probing the progenitor of high-$z$ short-duration GRB 201221D and its possible bulk acceleration in prompt emission