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We present a conceptual design study of external calibrators in the 21 cmexperiment towards detecting the globally averaged radiation of the epoch ofreionization (EoR). Employment of external calibrator instead of internalcalibrator commonly used in current EoR experiments allows to removeinstrumental effects such as beam pattern, receiver gain and instability of thesystem if the conventional three-position switch measurements are implementedin a short time interval. Furthermore, in the new design the antenna system isplaced in an underground anechoic chamber with an open/closing ceiling tomaximally reduce the environmental effect such as RFI and groundradiation/reflection. It appears that three of the four external calibratorsproposed in this paper, including two indoor artificial transmitters and oneoutdoor celestial radiation (the Galactic polarization), fail to meet ourpurpose. Diurnal motion of the Galactic diffuse emission turns to be the mostpossible source as an external calibrator, for which we have discussed theobservational strategy and the algorithm of extracting the EoR signal.

External Calibrator in Global Signal Experiment for Detection of the Epoch of Reionization