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We examine the evolution of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) droplets with viscoushydrodynamics and analyze the pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow,and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry in a granular source modelconsisting of viscous QGP droplets. The shear viscosity of the QGP dropletspeeds up and slows down the droplet evolution in the central and peripheralregions of the droplet, respectively. The effect of the bulk viscosity on theevolution is negligible. Although there are viscous effects on the dropletevolution, the pion momentum spectrum and elliptic flow change little forgranular sources with and without viscosity. On the other hand, the influenceof viscosity on HBT radius $R_{\rm out}$ is considerable. It makes $R_{\rmout}$ decrease in the granular source model. We determine the model parametersof granular sources using the experimental data of pion transverse-momentumspectrum, elliptic flow, and HBT radii together, and investigate the effects ofviscosity on the model parameters. The results indicate that the granularsource model may reproduce the experimental data of pion transverse-momentumspectrum, elliptic flow, and HBT radii in heavy-ion collisions of Au-Au at$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and Pb-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV in differentcentrality intervals. The viscosity of the droplet leads to an increase in theinitial droplet radius and a decrease of the source shell parameter in thegranular source model.

Pion transverse-momentum spectrum, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry in a viscous granular source model