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For low-redshift (z < 0.1) Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) samples used in severalcosmological analyses over the past decade, we probe for systematic bias bylooking for correlations between surface brightness (SB) measurements andHubble residuals (HR). For 292 SNe Ia, we measure SB at the location of the SNIa from publicly available Pan-STARRS (PS1) images. The Hubble residuals arefrom two recent measurements with low-z SNe Ia that overlap the PS1 footprint:1) the DES 3-year cosmology analysis, with 120 overlapping low-z SNe Ia fromthe Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics surveys and Carnegie SupernovaProject, and 2) the PS1 single-telescope analysis, with 172 overlapping low-zSNe Ia from the Foundation Supernova Survey. This study is motivated byprevious reports of anomalous inefficiencies and flux scatter for transients onbright galaxies. We compare HR distributions of the bright and faint halves ofthe SB distribution: the mean HR values differ by Delta HR = 0.031 +- 0.018,consistent with no difference at the 2 sigma level. We also perform aKolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test for the bright and faint half HR distributions,and conclude that the two distributions are statistically consistent with a KSp-value of 0.07. However, if future studies with larger datasets find Delta HR~ 0.03 with high significance, this difference would be a leading systematicuncertainty in measurements of the dark energy equation of state, w.

Probing Systematic Bias in Low-Redshift Type Ia Supernova Measurements by Cross Analyzing Surface Brightness and Hubble Residuals