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Motivated by the dynamical reasons for the hierarchical structure of theYukawa sector of the Standard Model (SM), we consider an extension of the SMwith a complex scalar field, known as `flavon', based on the Froggatt-Nielsenmechanism. In an effective theory approach, the SM fermion masses and mixingpatterns are generated in orders of the parameter related to the vacuumexpectation value of the flavon field and the cut-off of the effective theory.By introducing right-handed neutrinos, we study the viability of the lightestright-handed neutrino as a dark matter candidate, where the same flavon fieldacts as a mediator between the dark and the SM sectors. We find that darkmatter genesis is achieved both through freeze-out and freeze-in mechanismsencompassing the $\mathcal{O}(\text{GeV})$ -- $\mathcal{O}(\text{TeV})$ massrange of the mediator and the dark matter particle. In addition to tree-levelspin-dependent cross section, the model gives rise to tree- and loop-levelcontributions to spin-independent scattering cross section at the directdetection experiments such as XENON and LUX-ZEPLIN which can be probed in theirfuture upgrades. By choosing suitable Froggatt-Nielsen charges for thefermions, we also generate the mass spectrum of the SM neutrinos via the Type-Iseesaw mechanism. Flavor-changing neutral current processes, such as radiativelepton decay, meson mixing, and top-quark decay remain the most constrainingchannels and provide testability for this minimal setup that addresses severalmajor shortcomings of the SM.

Exploring Freeze-out and Freeze-in Dark Matter via Effective Froggatt-Nielsen Theory