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While the origin and composition of dark matter and dark energy remainsunknown, it is possible that they might represent two manifestations of asingle entity, as occurring in unified dark sector models. On the other hand,advances in our understanding of the dark sector of the Universe might arisefrom Cosmic Dawn, the epoch when the first stars formed. In particular, thefirst detection of the global 21-cm absorption signal at Cosmic Dawn from theEDGES experiment opens up a new arena wherein to test models of dark matter anddark energy. Here, we consider generalized and modified Chaplygin gas models ascandidate unified dark sector models. We first constrain these models againstCosmic Microwave Background data from the \textit{Planck} satellite, beforeexploring how the inclusion of the global 21-cm signal measured by EDGES canimprove limits on the model parameters, finding that the uncertainties on theparameters of the Chaplygin gas models can be reduced by a factor between $1.5$and $10$. We also find that within the generalized Chaplygin gas model, thetension between the CMB and local determinations of the Hubble constant $H_0$is reduced from $\approx 4\sigma$ to $\approx 1.3\sigma$. In conclusion, wefind that the global 21-cm signal at Cosmic Dawn can provide an extraordinarywindow onto the physics of unified dark sectors.

Dawn of the dark: unified dark sectors and the EDGES Cosmic Dawn 21-cm signal