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We investigate three types of amplification processes for light fieldscoupling to an atom near the end of a one-dimensional semi-infinite waveguide.We consider two setups where a drive creates population inversion in the bareor dressed basis of a three-level atom and one setup where the amplification isdue to higher-order processes in a driven two-level atom. In all cases, the endof the waveguide acts as a mirror for the light. We find that this enhances theamplification in two ways compared to the same setups in an open waveguide.Firstly, the mirror forces all output from the atom to travel in one directioninstead of being split up into two output channels. Secondly, interference dueto the mirror enables tuning of the ratio of relaxation rates for differenttransitions in the atom to increase population inversion. We quantify theenhancement in amplification due to these factors and show that it can bedemonstrated for standard parameters in experiments with superconductingquantum circuits.

Ultimate quantum limit for amplification: a single atom in front of a mirror