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We describe a system for long-distance distribution of quantum entanglement,in which coherent light with large average photon number interacts dispersivelywith single, far-detuned atoms or semiconductor impurities in optical cavities.Entanglement is heralded by homodyne detection using a second bright lightpulse for phase reference. The use of bright pulses leads to a high successprobability for the generation of entanglement, at the cost of a lower initialfidelity. This fidelity may be boosted by entanglement purification techniques,implemented with the same physical resources. The need for more purificationsteps is well compensated for by the increased probability of success whencompared to heralded entanglement schemes using single photons or weak coherentpulses with realistic detectors. The principle cause of the lower initialfidelity is fiber loss; however, spontaneous decay and cavity losses during thedispersive atom/cavity interactions can also impair performance. We show thatthese effects may be minimized for emitter-cavity systems in the weak-couplingregime as long as the resonant Purcell factor is larger than one, the cavity isover-coupled, and the optical pulses are sufficiently long. We support thisclaim with numerical, semiclassical calculations using parameters for threerealistic systems: optically bright donor-bound impurities such as 19-F:ZnSewith a moderate-Q microcavity, the optically dim 31-P:Si system with a high-Qmicrocavity, and trapped ions in large but very high-Q cavities.

Hybrid quantum repeater based on dispersive CQED interactions between matter qubits and bright coherent light