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It is demonstrated how a many-body system far from thermal equilibrium canexhibit universal dynamics in passing a non-thermal fixed point. As an example,the process of Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation of a dilute cold gas isconsidered. If the particle flux into the low-energy modes, induced, e.g., by acooling quench, is sufficiently strong, the Bose gas develops a characteristicpower-law single-particle spectrum $n(k)\sim k^{-5}$, and critical slowing downin time occurs. The fixed point is shown to be marked by the creation anddilution of tangled vortex lines. Alternatively, for a weak cooling quench andparticle flux, the condensation process runs quasi adiabatically, passing bythe fixed point in far distance, and signatures of critical scaling remainabsent.

Universal dynamics on the way to thermalisation