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A recent 15 parts-per-million (ppm) experiment on muonic hydrogen found amajor discrepancy with QED and independent nuclear size determinations. Here wefind a significant discrepancy in a different type of exotic atom, a medium-Znucleus with two electrons. Investigation of the data collected is able todiscriminate between available QED formulations and reveals a pattern ofdiscrepancy of almost 6 standard errors of experimental results from the mostrecent theoretical predictions with a functional dependence proportional to Z^nwhere n=4. In both the muonic and highly charged systems, the sign of thediscrepancy is the same, with the measured transition energy higher thanpredicted. Some consequences are possible or probable, and some are morespeculative. This may give insight into effective nuclear radii, the Rydberg,the fine-structure constant or unexpectedly large QED terms.

New x-ray measurements in Helium-like Atoms increase discrepancy between experiment and theoretical QED