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Transient surface electric fields induced by femtosecond laser irradiation ofan aluminum film were investigated directly by ultrashort electron pulses. Atpump intensities of 2.9~7.1 * 10^10 W/cm2, the transient electric fields lastat least one nanosecond with a maximum field strength of 3.2~5.3 * 10^4 V/m at120 micro m above the aluminum surface. The transient electric fields and theassociated evolution of photoelectrons were explained by a "three-layer" model.The potential influence of such fields on reflection ultrafast electrondiffraction and time-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy wereevaluated.

Investigation of transient surface electric field induced by femtosecond laser irradiation of aluminum