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(NH$_4$)$_2$[FeCl$_5$(H$_2$O)], a member of the family of antiferromagnetic$A_2$[Fe$X_5$(H$_2$O)] compounds ($X$ = halide ion, $A$ = alkali metal orammonium ion) is classified as a new multiferroic material. We report the onsetof ferroelectricity below ~6.9 K within an antiferromagnetically ordered state($T_N \sim 7.25 K$). The corresponding electric polarization can drastically beinfluenced by applying magnetic fields. Based on measurements of pyroelectriccurrents, dielectric constants and magnetization we characterize themagnetoelectric, dielectric and magnetic properties of(NH$_4$)$_2$[FeCl$_5$(H$_2$O)]. Combining these data with measurements ofthermal expansion, magnetostriction and specific heat, we derive detailedmagnetic field versus temperature phase diagrams. Depending on the direction ofthe magnetic field up to three different multiferroic phases are identified,which are separated by a magnetically ordered, but non-ferroelectric phase fromthe paramagnetic phase. Besides these low-temperature transitions, we observean additional phase transition at ~79 K, which we suspect to be of structuralorigin.

Thermodynamic properties of the new multiferroic material (NH$_4$)$_2$[FeCl$_5$(H$_2$O)]