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We theoretically consider the effect of the atomic source's momentum width onthe efficiency of Bragg mirrors and beamsplitters and, more generally, on thephase sensitivity of Bragg pulse atom interferometers. By numericaloptimization, we show that an atomic cloud's momentum width places afundamental upper bound on the maximum transfer efficiency of a Bragg mirrorpulse, and furthermore limits the phase sensitivity of a Bragg pulse atominterferometer. We quantify these momentum width effects, and precisely computehow mirror efficiencies and interferometer phase sensitivities vary asfunctions of Bragg order and source type. Our results and methodology allow foran efficient optimization of Bragg pulses and the comparison of differentatomic sources, and will help in the design of large momentum transfer Braggmirrors and beamsplitters for use in atom-based inertial sensors.

Why momentum width matters for atom interferometry with Bragg pulses