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Recently, antihydrogen atoms were trapped at CERN in a magnetic minimum(minimum-B) trap formed by superconducting octupole and mirror magnet coils.The trapped antiatoms were detected by rapidly turning off these magnets,thereby eliminating the magnetic minimum and releasing any antiatoms containedin the trap. Once released, these antiatoms quickly hit the trap wall,whereupon the positrons and antiprotons in the antiatoms annihilated. Theantiproton annihilations produce easily detected signals; we used these signalsto prove that we trapped antihydrogen. However, our technique could beconfounded by mirror-trapped antiprotons, which would produceseemingly-identical annihilation signals upon hitting the trap wall. In thispaper, we discuss possible sources of mirror-trapped antiprotons and show thatantihydrogen and antiprotons can be readily distinguished, often with the aidof applied electric fields, by analyzing the annihilation locations and times.We further discuss the general properties of antiproton and antihydrogentrajectories in this magnetic geometry, and reconstruct the antihydrogen energydistribution from the measured annihilation time history.

Antihydrogen and mirror-trapped antiproton discrimination: Discriminating between antihydrogen and mirror-trapped antiprotons in a minimum-B trap