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We present a novel laser based ion acceleration scheme, where a petawattcircularly polarized laser pulse is shot on an ultra-thin (nano-scale)double-layer target. Our scheme allows the production of high-quality light ionbeams with both energy and angular dispersion controllable by the targetproperties. We show that extraction of all electrons from the target byradiation pressure can lead to a very effective two step acceleration processfor light ions if the target is designed correctly. Relativistic protons shouldbe obtainable with pulse powers of a few petawatt. Careful analytical modelingyields estimates for characteristic beam parameters and requirements on thelaser pulse quality, in excellent agreement with one and two-dimensionalParticle-in Cell simulations.

High-quality ion beams by irradiating a nano-structured target with a petawatt laser pulse