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We study orbital excitations in the optical absorption spectra of YVO3 andHoVO3. We focus on an orbital absorption band observed at 0.4 eV forpolarization E parallel c. This feature is only observed in the intermediate,monoclinic phase. By comparison with the local crystal-field excitations inVOCl and with recent theoretical predictions for the crystal-field levels weshow that this absorption band cannot be interpreted in terms of a localcrystal-field excitation. We discuss a microscopic model which attributes thisabsorption band to the exchange of two orbitals on adjacent sites, i.e., to thedirect excitation of two orbitons. This model is strongly supported by theobserved dependence on polarization and temperature. Moreover, the calculatedspectral weight is in good agreement with the experimental result.

Collective orbital excitations in orbitally ordered YVO3 and HoVO3