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Time and history dependent magnetization has been observed in a wide varietyof materials, which are collectively termed as the glassy magnetic systems.However, such systems showing similar non-equilibrium magnetic response can bemicroscopically very different and they can be distinguished by carefullylooking into the details of the observed metastable magnetic behavior.Canonical spin glass is the most well studied member of this class and has beenextensively investigated both experimentally and theoretically over the lastfive decades. In canonical spin glasses, the low temperature magnetic stateobtained by cooling across the spin glass transition temperature in presence ofan applied magnetic field is known as the field cooled (FC) state. This FCstate in canonical spin glass is widely believed as an equilibrium statearising out of a thermodynamic second order phase transition. Here, we showthat the FC state in canonical spin glass is not really an equilibrium state ofthe system. We report careful dc magnetization and ac susceptibilitymeasurements on two canonical spin glass systems, AuMn (1.8%) and AgMn (1.1%).The dc magnetization in the FC state shows clear temperature dependence. Inaddition, the magnetization shows a distinct thermal hysteresis in thetemperature regime below the spin glass transition temperature. On the otherhand, the temperature dependence of ac susceptibility has clear frequencydispersion below spin glass transition in the FC state prepared by cooling thesample in the presence of a dc-bias field. We further distinguish themetastable response of the FC state of canonical spin glass from the metastableresponse the FC state in an entirely different class of glassy magnetic systemnamely magnetic glass, where the non-equilibrium behavior is associated withthe kinetic-arrest of a first order magnetic phase transition.

Non-equilibrium magnetic response of canonical spin glass and magnetic glass