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We have recently established that a number of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriyainteraction driven canted antiferromagnets or weak ferrromagnets (WFM)including hematite exhibit an ultra-slow magnetization relaxation phenomenon,leading to the observation of a time-stable remanence (Phys. Rev. B 96, 104422(2017)). In this work, our endeavor is to optimize the magnitude of thistime-stable remanence for the hematite crystallites, as a function of shapesize and morphology. A substantial enhancement in the magnitude of this uniqueremanence is observed in porous hematite, consisting of ultra-small nanoparticles, as compared to crystallites grown in regular morphology, such ascuboids or hexagonal plates. This time-stable remanence exhibits a peak-likepattern with magnetic field, which is significantly sharper in porous sample.The extent and the magnitude of the spin canting associated with the WFM phasecan be best gauged by the presence of this remanence and its unusual magneticfield dependence. Temperature variation of lattice parameters bring outcorrelations between strain effects that alter the bond length and bond angleassociated with primary super exchange paths, which in-turn systematicallyalter the magnitude of the time-stable remanence. This study provides insightsregarding a long standing problems of anomalies in the magnitude ofmagnetization on repeated cooling in case of hematite. Our data caps on theseanomalies, which we argue, arise due to spontaneous spin canting associatedwith WFM phase. Our results also elucidate on why thermal cycling protocolsduring bulk magnetization measurements are even more crucial for hematite whichexhibits both canted as well as pure antiferromgnetic phase.

Weak Ferromagnetism and Time-Stable Remanence in Hematite: Effect of Shape, Size and Morphology