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Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a technology in which water is desalinatedby ion electrosorption into the electric double layers (EDLs) of chargingporous electrodes. In recent years significant advances have been made inmodeling the charge and salt dynamics in a CDI cell, but the possible effect ofsurface transport within diffuse EDLs on these dynamics has not beeninvestigated. We here present theory which includes surface transport indescribing the dynamics of a charging CDI cell. Through our numerical solutionto the presented models, the possible effect of surface transport on the CDIprocess is elucidated. While at some model conditions surface transportenhances the rate of CDI cell charging, counter-intuitively this additionaltransport pathway is found to slow down cell charging at other modelconditions.

The effect of surface transport on water desalination by porous electrodes undergoing capacitive charging