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Gray molasses is a powerful tool for sub-Doppler laser cooling of atoms tolow temperatures. For alkaline atoms, this technique is commonly implementedwith cooling lasers which are blue-detuned from either the D1 or D2 line. Herewe show that efficient gray molasses can be implemented on the D2 line of 40Kwith red-detuned lasers. We obtained temperatures of 48(2) microKelvin, whichenables direct loading of 9.2(3)*10^6 atoms from a magneto-optical trap into anoptical dipole trap. We support our findings by a one-dimensional model andthree-dimensional numerical simulations of the optical Bloch equations whichqualitatively reproduce the experimentally observed cooling effects.

Sub-Doppler laser cooling of 40K with Raman gray molasses on the D2 line