English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

We revisit the topic of self-organized criticality (SOC) in simplestatistical graph models, with the purpose of capturing essential processesleading to the emergence of macroscopic spacetime from the microscopic dynamicsin loop quantum gravity (LQG). We performed a large set of simulations based onextensions of the frozen trivalent spin network (TSN) model explored previouslyby Ansari and Smolin. Their model mimicked the sandpile dynamics by theapplication of random vertex propagation rules in the TSN, leading to a SOCbehavior in the distribution of the avalanche sizes, as well as a slowlyexpanding, $2$-dimensional dual (triangulated) space. Here we show that agrowth scheme for the stochastic, slow external driving force, differing fromthe classical sandpile model, also resulted in power-law distributed avalanchesizes. Our simulations also produced expanding dual spaces, with two basicclasses of evolution: one with power-law correlations in "space" and "time",and the other with "loitering" and exponential phases. Our work expands therange of models in which critical states in the TSN may lead to expansioneffects in the dual space, without fine-tuning.

Expanding and Self-Organizing 2D Universe Models Emerging from Frozen Trivalent Spin Networks