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The post-Newtonian approximation is useful to discuss gravitational waveformsfor binary inspirals. In this note, for retrograde circular orbits in theequatorial plane, we discuss the region of validity of the post-Newtonianapproximation by using the gravitational energy flux derived numerically andanalytically in the black hole perturbation approach. It is found that the edgeof the allowable region behaves quite intricately, including prograde orbitseven if we treat higher post-Newtonian orders.

Note on Accuracy of the Post-Newtonian Approximation for Extreme-Mass Ratio Inspirals: Retrograde Orbits