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We minimize the one-loop effective potential for SU(N) gauge theoriesincluding fermions with finite mass in the fundamental (F), adjoint (Adj),symmetric (S), and antisymmetric (AS) representations. We calculate the phasediagram on S^1 x R^3 as a function of the length of the compact dimension,beta, and the fermion mass, m. We consider the effect of periodic boundaryconditions [PBC(+)] on fermions as well as antiperiodic boundary conditions[ABC(-)]. The use of PBC(+) produces a rich phase structure. These phases aredistinguished by the eigenvalues of the Polyakov loop P. Minimization of theeffective potential for QCD(AS/S,+) results in a phase where | Im Tr P | ismaximized, resulting in charge conjugation (C) symmetry breaking for all N andall values of (m beta), however, the partition function is the same up toO(1/N) corrections as when ABC are applied. Therefore, regarding orientifoldplanar equivalence, we argue that in the one-loop approximation C-breaking inQCD(AS/S,+) resulting from the application of PBC to fermions does notinvalidate the large N equivalence with QCD(Adj,-). Similarly, with respect toorbifold planar equivalence, breaking of Z(2) interchange symmetry resultingfrom application of PBC to bifundamental (BF) representation fermions does notinvalidate equivalence with QCD(Adj,-) in the one-loop perturbative limitbecause the partition functions of QCD(BF,-) and QCD(BF,+) are the same. Ofparticular interest as well is the case of adjoint fermions where for Nf > 1Majorana flavour confinement is obtained for sufficiently small (m beta), anddeconfinement for sufficiently large (m beta). For N >= 3 these two phases areseparated by one or more additional phases, some of which can be characterizedas partially-confining phases.

Phase diagrams of SU(N) gauge theories with fermions in various representations