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We report observation of a "non-volatile" converse magneto-electric effect inelliptical FeGa nanomagnets delineated on a piezoelectric PMN-PT substrate. Thenanomagnets are initially magnetized with a magnetic field directed along theirnominal major axis and subsequent application of an electric field across thesubstrate generates strain in the substrate, which is partially transferred tothe nanomagnets and rotates the magnetizations of some of them to metastableorientations. There they remain after the field is removed, resulting in"non-volatility". In isolated nanomagnets, the angular separation between theinitial and final magnetization directions is < 90 deg, but in a dipole-coupledpair consisting of one "hard" and one "soft" nanomagnet, the soft nanomagnet'smagnetization is rotated by > 90 deg from the initial orientation because ofthe dipole influence of the hard nanomagnet. These effects can be utilized forultra-energy-efficient logic and memory devices.

Electric field control of magnetic states in isolated and dipole-coupled FeGa nanomagnets delineated on a PMN-PT substrate