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STAR has recently reported charge-dependent azimuthal correlations that aresensitive to the charge separation effect in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rmNN}}$ = 200 GeV. Qualitatively, these results agree with some of thetheoretical predictions for local parity violation in heavy-ion collisions.However, a study using reaction-plane-dependent balance functions shows analternative origin of this signal. The balance function, which measures thecorrelation between oppositely charged pairs, is sensitive to the mechanisms ofcharge formation and the subsequent relative diffusion of the balancingcharges. The reaction-plane-dependent balance function measurements can berelated to STAR's charge-dependent azimuthal correlations. We reportreaction-plane-dependent balance functions for Au+Au collisions at$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 200, 62.4, 39, 11.5, and 7.7 GeV using the STAR detector.The model of Schlichting and Pratt incorporating local charge conservation andelliptic flow reproduces most of the three-particle azimuthal correlationresults at 200 GeV. The experimental charge-dependent azimuthal chargecorrelations observed at 200 GeV can be explained in terms of local chargeconservation and elliptic flow.

Study of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations using reaction-plane-dependent balance functions